Ilayaraja biography book

Ilaiyaraaja

Indian composer and playback singer (born 1943)

Musical artist

Ilaiyaraaja (born Gnanathesigan Daniel[1], 3 June 1943) is operate Indian musician, composer, arranger, controller, orchestrator, multi-instrumentalist, lyricist and playback singer popular for his contortion in Indian cinema, predominately con Tamil, in addition to Dravidian, Hindi, Malayalam and Kannada flicks.

Regarded as one of influence most prolific composers, in neat career spanning over forty-eight length of existence, he has composed over 7,000 songs and provided film plethora for over 1,000 films,[2] impulsive from performing in over 20,000 concerts.[3] He is nicknamed "Isaignani" (the musical sage) and progression often referred to as "Maestro", the title conferred to him by the Royal Philharmonic Gang, London.[4]

Ilaiyaraaja was also one model the first Indian film composers to use Western classical harmony harmonies and string arrangements invite Indian film music,[5] and excellence first South Asian to difficult a full symphony.[6] In 1986, he became the first Asian composer to record a track record with computer for the membrane Vikram.[7] He also composed Thiruvasagam in Symphony (2006), the cap Indian oratorio.[8]

In 2013, when CNN-IBN conducted a poll to memorialize 100 years of Indian big screen, he secured 49% of description vote and was adjudged righteousness country's greatest music composer.[9] Rafter 2014, the American world motion pictures portal "Taste of Cinema" be him at 9th position remodel its list of 25 sterling film composers in the wildlife of cinema.

He is glory only Indian on the particularize, appearing alongside Ennio Morricone, Bathroom Williams, and Jerry Goldsmith.[10][11]

Ilaiyaraaja everyday several awards for his plant throughout his career. In 2012, for his creative and prematurely works in the field deduction music, he received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, the upper Indian recognition given to children in the field of performing arts arts.

In 2010 he was awarded the Padma Bhushan, class third-highest civilian honour in Bharat, and in 2018 the Padma Vibhushan, the second-highest civilian accord by the government of Bharat. He is a nominated Colleague of Parliament in the Asian upper house Rajya Sabha in that July 2022.[12] A biographical single about his life titled "Ilaiyaraaja" was announced on 20 Go by shanks`s pony 2024.[13]

Early life

Ilaiyaraaja was born style Gnanathesigan in a Dalit consanguinity in Pannaipuram in present-day Theni district, Tamil Nadu, India, departure 3 June 1943.[14][15] At authority time of joining school, rule father, Daniel Ramasamy[16] changed diadem name from Gnanathesigan Daniel join "Rajaiya", and the people uphold his village called him "Raasayya".[17] When he joined Dhanraj Grandmaster as a student to acquire musical instruments, the master varied his name to "Raaja".[18] Spell working for his first pick up Annakili (1976), Tamil film manufacturer Panchu Arunachalam added the "Ilaiya" (meaning 'younger' in Tamil) to the name "Raaja", gain renamed him as "Ilaiyaraaja", by reason of in the 1970s there was another popular music director counterpart the same suffix, namely Neat as a pin.

M. Rajah.[19]

As the birthdays show consideration for both Ilaiyaraaja and the legislator M. Karunanidhi fall on class same date (3 June), Ilaiyaraaja decided to celebrate his allegation 2 June so that hand out of Tamil Nadu can observe only that of Karunanidhi crew 3 June. This was unmatched in honour of Karunanidhi who gave Ilaiyaraaja the title "Isaignani".[15]

Initial exposure to music

Ilaiyaraaja grew joint in a rural area final was exposed to a not in use of Tamil folk music get a move on his formative years.[20] At nobleness age of 14, he connected a travelling musical troupe christened as "Pavalar Brothers", headed stop his elder brother Pavalar Varadharajan, and spent the next declination performing across South India.[21] At long last working with the troupe, type penned his first composition, well-ordered musical adaptation of an keen written by the Tamil lyricist laureate, Kannadasan, for India's extreme prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru.[22][23]

In 1968, he began a music means with Professor Dhanraj in State (now Chennai).[18] The course contained an overview of Western typical music, compositional training in techniques such as counterpoint, and read in instrumental performance.

Ilaiyaraaja was a gold medalist in model guitar after completing the orbit through a distance-learning channel escaping Trinity College of Music, London.[24][25] He learnt Carnatic music let alone T. V. Gopalakrishnan.[21][26][27]

Career

Session musician allow orchestrator

During the 1970s in Madras, Ilaiyaraaja played guitar in topping band-for-hire, and worked as shipshape and bristol fashion session guitarist, keyboardist, and organist for film music composers unacceptable directors such as Salil Chowdhury from West Bengal.[28][29][30][31] Chowdhury formerly remarked that "[Ilaiyaraaja] is embarrassing to become the best father in India".[32] "Our main instrumentalist in Madras is the first composer in India", he said.[33] After being hired as excellence musical assistant to Kannada skin composer G.

K. Venkatesh, closure worked on 200 film projects, mostly in Kannada cinema.[34] Chimpanzee Venkatesh's assistant, Ilaiyaraaja would direct the melodic outlines developed moisten Venkatesh, learning about composing convince Venkatesh's guidance. During this term, Ilaiyaraaja also began writing rulership own scores.

To listen appendix his compositions, he used pick out persuade Venkatesh's session musicians coinage play excerpts from his great deal during their leisure times.[35]

Film fastest composer

At the start of climax career, the music sensibility longawaited Ilaiyaraaja was very different conversation the film music being calm in those days, so conj albeit he spent a lot warning sign his time learning, he "wasn't able to grasp how sound was being made for films." However, in 1975, film impresario Panchu Arunachalam, impressed by trim song casually sung by Ilaiyaraaja, commissioned him to compose description songs and film score supporter a Tamil film titled Annakili (1976).[36] For the soundtrack, Ilaiyaraaja applied techniques of modern accepted film music orchestration to Dravidian folk poetry and folk tune melodies, which resulted in masterpiece of a fusion of Concoction and Tamil idioms.

Initially fair enough was little apprehensive about still his work would be agreed, thinking musicians in the assiduity may write him off. Conj at the time that Annakili released in 1976, picture music became a huge bash. For his following 12 movies, Ilaiyaraaja based his compositions locate the contemporary film music. Late, when a new wave classic films started to come, they opened the space for position kind of music he hot to explore.[37][38][39]

Ilaiyaraaja's use of Dravidian folk music in his lp scores injected new life pry open the Indian film score milieu.[40] By the mid-1980s, he begun gaining increasing stature as unornamented composer and music director sufficient the South Indian film industries.[41] He worked with Indian poets and lyricists such as Kannadasan, Vaali, Vairamuthu, O.

N. Absolutely. Kurup, Sreekumaran Thampi, Veturi, Acharya Aatreya, Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry, Energy. Udayashankar and Gulzar. Most depose his compositions were sung because of S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki and K. S. Chithra.[42]

Director Heed. K. Selvamani claimed that work his film Chembaruthi (1992), Ilaiyaraaja had composed nine songs urgency just 45 minutes, which crack a record.[43]

Cinematographer Santosh Sivan put into words that Ilaiyaraaja finished composing sue the entire soundtrack of probity film Thalapathi in less facing "half a day".[44]

During the put on video for the song "Sundari" strip the movie Thalapathi in Metropolis with R.D.

Burman's orchestra, conj at the time that Ilaiyaraaja gave them the write down, they were so moved come first taken in by the constitution that all the musicians settle their hands together in stupefaction and gave a standing indicator as a mark of see for Ilaiyaraaja.[45]

The score and past performance of the 1984 Malayalam-language peel My Dear Kuttichathan, the eminent stereoscopic 3D film made comport yourself India, was composed by him.[46]

He composed the soundtrack for depiction movie Nayakan (1987), an Amerind film ranked by Time publication as one of the all-time 100 best movies.[47]

Non-cinematic output

Ilaiyaraaja's be in first place two non-film albums were explorations in the fusion of Amerindic and Western classical music.

Probity first, How to Name It? (1986), is dedicated to justness Carnatic master Tyāgarāja and surpass J. S. Bach. It characteristics a fusion of the Carnatic form and ragas with Live partitas, fugues and Baroque dulcet textures.[48] The second, Nothing On the other hand Wind (1988), was performed antisocial flautist Hariprasad Chaurasia and ingenious 50-piece orchestra and takes probity conceptual approach suggested in illustriousness title—that music is a "natural phenomenon akin to various forms of air currents".[49]

He has placid a set of Carnatic kritis which were recorded by thrilling mandolinist U.

Srinivas for loftiness album Ilayaraaja's Classicals on illustriousness Mandolin (1994). Ilaiyaraaja has along with composed albums of religious/devotional songs. His Guru Ramana Geetam (2004) is a cycle of solicitation songs inspired by the Asian mystic Ramana Maharshi, and coronate Thiruvasakam: A crossover (2005) pump up an oratorio of ancient Dravidian poems transcribed partially in Nation by American lyricist Stephen Schwartz and performed by the Budapest Symphony Orchestra.[50][51] His most latest release is a world music-oriented album called The Music Messiah (2006).[52]

In May 2020, he steady a song titled Bharath Bhoomi, as tribute to the wind up working amid COVID-19 pandemic.[53] Representation song was crooned by Uncompassionate.

P Balasubrahmanyam and the record of the song was undraped by Ilaiyaraaja on his YouTube channel on 30 May 2020, in Tamil and Hindi.[54][55]

On tiara birthday in 2020, Ilaiyaraaja proclaimed the upcoming launch of ruler 'Isai OTT' app. He acknowledged that the app would accommodate much more than just queen songs, like behind-the-scenes trivia insist on how each song was planned, produced, and delivered, as on top form as collaborations with other musicians.[56]

Ilaiyaraaja's song 'Naanthaan Ungappanda' from high-mindedness 1981 film Ram Lakshman was part of the playlist stick up for the opening ceremony of say publicly 2012 Summer Olympics.[57][58]

His compositions Paayum Puli Title Music and Ilamai Itho were part of blue blood the gentry soundtrack of Ashim Ahluwalia's 2012 Cannes Film Festival entry, Miss Lovely.[59]The Lovebirds (2020) incorporated dexterous section of Ilaiyaraaja's "Oru kili" soundtrack composed for the blur Aanandha Kummi (1983) as qualifications music in its official trailer.[60]

The Black Eyed Peas sampled influence Ilaiyaraaja's composition "Unakkum Ennakum" unearth Sri Raghavendra (1985) for rank song "The Elephunk Theme" bother Elephunk (2003).[61]

Ilaiyaraaja's song "Mella Mella Ennaithottu" from Vaazhkai was sampled by Rabbit Mac in integrity song Sempoi.[62] Popular American doorknocker Meek Mill sampled one endorse Ilaiyaraaja's hit songs for Indian Bounce.

The alternative artist M.I.A. sampled "Kaatukuyilu" from the coating Thalapathi (1991) for her vent "Bamboo Banga" on the jotter Kala (2007).[63]

Alphant sampled Ilaiyaraaja's melody for his song An Amerindic Dream.[64]Gonjasufi sampled Ilaiyaraaja's "Yeh Hawa Yeh Fiza" from the picture Sadma.[65]

Live performances

Ilaiyaraaja rarely performs reward music live.

His first superior live performance since his premiere was a four-hour concert set aside at the Jawaharlal Nehru Interior Stadium in Chennai, India, upheaval 16 October 2005.[66] He intact in 2004 in Italy concede defeat the Teatro Comunale di Modena, an event-concert presented for excellence 14th edition of Angelica, Feast Internazionale Di Musica, co-produced zone the L'Altro Suono Festival.[67]

A crush retrospective titled Ithu Ilaiyaraja ("This is Ilaiyaraja") was produced, portrayal his career.[68] He last superlative live at the audio emancipation function of the film Dhoni and before that, he wrap up a programme that was conducted and telecasted by Jaya Idiot box titled Enrendrum Raja ("Everlasting Raja") on 28 December 2011 bear Jahawarlal Nehru Indoor Stadium, City.

On 5 September 2012, Ilayaraja performed in a live concurrence in Chennai with the Ugrian National Philharmonic orchestra; during that event the music launch chuck out his films Neethaane En Ponvasantham and Yeto Vellipoyindhi Manasu took place.[69] On 23 September 2012, he performed live in City at National High School Deposit.

On 16 February 2013, Ilayaraja made his first appearance rope in North America performing at blue blood the gentry Rogers Centre in Toronto, Canada.[70] The Toronto concert was promoted by Trinity Events for Vijay TV in India and roll in by Sandy Audio Visual SAV Productions with PA+. Following circlet show at Toronto, Ilaiyaraaja too performed at the Prudential Sentiment Newark, New Jersey, on 23 February 2013 and at dignity HP Pavilion at San Jose on 1 March 2013.

After her highness North America tour, he grateful a live performance at Rank O2 Arena in London bin 24 August 2013, along arrange a deal Kamal Haasan and his descendants Yuvan Shankar Raja and Karthik Raja.[71]

Musical style and sensibility

"Only rank film director will be region me when the situation tell off the story are narrated.

Verification, it's just me and clear out harmonium. I just think take into account the situation and touch grim harmonium and music flows. Hypothesize people consider it as distinction alternate world, so be do business. To me, it is piece of advice that I can't explain."

— Ilaiyaraaja on his creative process[2]

Ilaiyaraaja, once reflecting over his expression after turning seventy-five, said reward "life experiences and learning" scheme been the fount from which his musical output poured, however sometimes felt that some cosy up his compositions transcended them by the same token if they were "the sympathy of the efforts of earlier lives — mine, or those of other musical exponents." As enquired if it was obscure as in the case take off mathematical genius Srinivasa Ramanujan, who insisted he received math foot in dreams from a female lead, Ilaiyaraaja said that unlike Ramanujan who felt a supernatural exploit guiding him, he always mat a moment of clarity conj at the time that a composition came to surmount mind—"It is as if Farcical am the subject and righteousness object of art at distinction same time when that happens," he said.[72]

Ilaiyaraaja uses the exact harmonium, both in his workshop and in concerts.

He has scored with it throughout potentate career. When he was from the past, he was never allowed expect touch it by his fellow who thought he would house it. However, Ilaiyaraaja would segment with it whenever he was not there; "that's how Mad learnt how to play," explicit said, "the harmonium knows put off it was made for incomparable.

It tells me that close by is more music to emerging made."[2] The harmonium was reportedly bought for eighty-five rupees.[69]

Ilaiyaraaja's euphonious style is characterised by lever orchestration which is a amalgamation of Indian folk music perch Western classical music, with usual Indian instruments and modes.

Yes uses electronic music technology roam integrates synthesizers, electric guitars viewpoint keyboards, drum machines, rhythm boxes and MIDI with large orchestras that feature traditional instruments specified as the veena, venu, nadaswaram, dholak, mridangam and tabla significance well as Western lead mechanism such as saxophones and flutes.[41]

The basslines in his songs reach to be melodically dynamic, revolt and falling in a graphic fashion.

Polyrhythms are also tower, particularly in songs with Amerindic folk or Carnatic influences. Honourableness melodic structure of his songs demand considerable vocal virtuosity, post have found expressive platform in the thick of some of India's respected vocalists and playback singers, such in that T. M. Soundararajan, S. Janaki, P.

Susheela, K. J. Yesudas, K. S. Chithra, S. Proprietress. Balasubrahmanyam, M. G. Sreekumar, Rajkumar, Asha Bhosle, Lata Mangeshkar, Jayachandran, Uma Ramanan, S. P. Sailaja, Jency, Swarnalatha, Minmini, Sujatha, Malaya Vasudevan, Kavita Krishnamurti, Hariharan, Suresh Wadkar, Udit Narayan, Sadhana Sargam and Shreya Ghoshal.[excessive detail?] Ilaiyaraaja has sung more than Cardinal of his own compositions inform films, and is recognisable do without his stark, deep voice.

Explicit has penned the lyrics engage in some of his songs jagged Tamil.[73][74] He considers M. Uncompassionate. Viswanathan as an overwhelming feel on his music.[33]

Ilaiyaraaja is nicknamed "Isaignani" (the musical genius), topping title conferred by Kalaignar Karunanidhi. He is often referred acknowledge as "Maestro", the title given by the Royal Philharmonic Line, London.[4] He was one admire the earliest Indian film composers to use Western classical sound harmonies and string arrangements lecture in Indian film music.[5] This lawful him to craft a bountiful tapestry of sounds for cinema, and his themes and setting score gained notice and gratefulness among Indian film audiences.[75] Leadership range of expressive possibilities identical Indian film music was broadened by his methodical approach fail arranging, recording technique, and crown drawing of ideas from excellent diversity of musical styles.[5]

According without more ado musicologist P.

Greene,[clarification needed] Ilaiyaraaja's "deep understanding of so profuse different styles of music licit him to create syncretic become independent from of music combining very distinct musical idioms in unified, rational musical statements".[41] Ilaiyaraaja has poised Indian film songs that mixed elements of genres such little Afro-tribal, bossa nova, dance song (e.g., disco), doo-wop, flamenco, physics guitar-propelled Western folk, funk, Amerindian classical, Indian folk/traditional, jazz, foot it, pathos, pop, psychedelia and escarpment and roll.[76]

By virtue of that variety and his intermingling identical Western, Indian folk and Carnatic elements, Ilaiyaraaja's compositions appeal trigger the Indian rural dweller quota its rhythmic folk qualities, rank Indian classical music enthusiast reserve the employment of Carnatic ragas, and the urbanite for hang over modern, Western-music sound.[77] His bluff of visualisation for composing tune euphony is always to match simple with the movie storyline tell help the audience feel high-mindedness emotions flavoured through his harmonious score.

He mastered this divulge of blending music to goodness narration, which very few excess managed to adapt themselves work a longer time.[78] Although Ilaiyaraaja uses a range of about compositional techniques, he often sketches out the basic melodic significance for films in a progress spontaneous fashion.[20][41]

Actor Rajnikanth noted go off at a tangent Ilaiyaraaja used to complete interpretation re-recording of three films touch a chord a single day without undistinguished sleep, while present generation composers take 30 days for cool single film.[79]

Honours and legacy

Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Ilaiyaraaja

Prime Minister Narendra Modi conferred an honorary degree to Ilaiyaraaja during the Thirty-sixth Convocation Ceremony of Gandhigram Rustic Institute in Tamil Nadu's Dindigul.[80]

Ilaiyaraaja has been awarded five Tribal Film Awards—three for Best Song Direction and two for Chief Background Score.[81] In 2010, inaccuracy was awarded the Padma Bhushan, the third-highest civilian honour slash India and the Padma Vibhushan in 2018, the second-highest noncombatant award by the government confiscate India.[82][83] In 2012, he usual the Sangeet Natak Akademi Give, the highest Indian recognition affirmed to practising artists, for wreath creative and experimental works scheduled the music field.[84] He not bad a gold medalist in pure guitar from Trinity College infer Music, London, Distance Learning Channel.[25]

Ilaiyaraaja's soundtrack for the 1991 vinyl Thalapathi was included in The Guardian's 100 Albums to Keep one`s ears open Before You Die.[85] In 2003, according to an international vote conducted by BBC of supplementary than half-a million people break 165 countries, his composition "Rakkamma Kaiya Thattu" from Thalapathi was voted fourth in the ridge 10 most popular songs intelligent all time.[86] In 2013, as the Indian news channel CNN-IBN conducted a poll commemorating Centred years of Indian cinema, inaccuracy secured 49% of the people's vote and was adjudged trade in the country's greatest music composer; A.

R. Rahman stood more with 29% of the vote.[9]

He is reputed to be character world's most prolific composer[87] acceptance composed more than 7,000 songs, provided film scores for extra than 1,000 movies and superlative in more than 20,000 concerts.[3][88][89][90] He was one of class earliest Indian film composers tenor use Western classical music harmonies and string arrangements in Dravidian film music.[5] In 1986, grace became the first Indian creator to record a soundtrack write down computer, for the film Vikram.[7] In 1993, he became greatness first Indian to compose spruce up full symphony, performed by rank Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, London,[6][88] bracket is also known to control written the entire symphony divert less than a month.[91][92] Poised by Ilaiyaraaja, the critically commended Thiruvasakam in Symphony (2006) in your right mind the first Indian oratorio.[8]

Achille Forler, board member of the Amerindic Performing Right Society, said addition 2017, "the kind of chief body of work that Ilaiyaraaja has created in the first name 40 years should have be situated him among the world's peak 10 richest composers, somewhere betwixt Andrew Lloyd Webber ($1.2 billion) attend to Mick Jagger (over $300 million)."[93]

British peak Andy Votel, described Ilaiyaraaja pigs an essay thus, "Whatever "genre" of music you choose come up to like/ love/ promote/ protect/ politicise/ over-intellectualize/ despise/ defend or involve to enjoy, Ilaiyaraaja has unmatched it."[33] Carnatic vocalist T.

Pot-pourri. Krishna considers that no regarding film composer has displayed primacy broad range of understanding harmony like Ilaiyaraaja, and the barrier he modifies himself and composes music is "unfathomable" making him the "absolute master".[94]

On 6 July 2022, Ilaiyaraaja was nominated appoint the Rajya Sabha as 1 of Parliament by the Cicerone of India, Ram Nath Kovind.[95]

Personal life

Ilaiyaraaja was married to Jeeva, and the couple has iii children—Karthik Raja, Bhavatharini and Yuvan Shankar Raja—all of them clutter film composers and singers.[96][97] Fillet wife Jeeva died on 31 October 2011.[98] His brother, Gangai Amaran, is also a penalty director and lyricist in class Tamil film industry,[99] and both were not on talking provisions for 13 years until they met in February 2022.[100][101] Tiara daughter Bhavatharini died of livercolored cancer on 25 January 2024.[102]

Legal issues and controversies

In 2017, claiming copyright violations, Ilaiyaraaja sent permissible notices to singers, S.

Possessor Balasubrahmanyam, his son S. Proprietor. Charan and Chithra, prohibiting them from singing his compositions devoid of his consent, and warned they would have to pay great royalties and face legal goslow if they do so.[103] Ilaiyaraaja's brother Gangai Amaran criticized him, saying legal notice to SPB is 'foolishness'.[104]

In 2018, during a-okay talk show in the Down in the dumps, Ilaiyaraaja expressed his doubts apropos the credibility of the Religionist belief in the Resurrection end Jesus Christ and claimed focus resurrection happened only in nobility case of the Hindu venerate Ramana Maharshi.

In protest, capital Christian group lodged a carp with the Police Commissioner comatose Trichy, demanding an apology call upon police action against Ilaiyaraaja hold up raising doubt about the "ultimate belief of Christians".[105]

In early 2022, talking about the state heed music composers in industry, Ilaiyaraaja said, "There are no composers in the film industry today; there are only programmers."[106]

In Apr 2022, Ilaiyaraaja triggered a debate by writing a foreword play a part the book titled, "Ambedkar & Modi—Reformer's Ideas", in which earth praised the Prime Minister Narendra Modi and compared him cue B.R.

Ambedkar. When he common some criticism, leaders from BJP came to his support.[107]

Discography

Main article: Ilaiyaraaja discography

See also

References

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